For the American market, UL 62368, UL 1012, and UL 1310 are standard standards. UL 1012 and UL 1310 are local standards for the US and Canada and are not applicable in other countries. Only products that meet Class 2 standards can apply for UL 1310. For the European market, EN 61558-1/EN 61558-2-16 are the primary standards.

Class I equipment is protected against electric shock through basic insulation and also provides a protective earth impedance connected to the building. In the event of a basic insulation failure, this earth impedance could carry a dangerous voltage to earth. This means that Class I switching-mode LED drivers provide a pair of ground terminals. Class II equipment relies not only on basic insulation for protection against electric shock but also requires additional double or reinforced insulation. It also does not rely on grounding for protection. This means that Class II switching-mode LED drivers do not provide a pair of ground terminals. The primary purpose of LPS is to ensure that, when electronic circuits are powered by LPS, the current and energy in these circuits are kept below the specified values in Table Q.1 of IEC 62368-1, significantly reducing the risk of fire. Consequently, the spacing and fire rating requirements of components within these circuits are significantly reduced. Therefore, the enclosures of these circuits can be made of HB-rated plastic to achieve cost savings. This requirement is primarily derived from information and audio-visual products (IEC/EN/UL 62368-1). Class 2: When electronic circuits are powered by a Class 2 LED driver, the current and energy of the circuits must be kept below the specified values in accordance with UL 1310 Table 30.1, significantly reducing the risk of fire. Consequently, the spacing and fire rating of components within the circuits are significantly lowered. Therefore, the enclosure material for these circuits can be made of HB-rated plastic to achieve cost savings. This designation primarily comes from UL Class 2 Power Units (UL 1310).

ENEC (European Norms Electrical Certification) is a European safety standard mark. Its scheme is based on the ISO-type 5 European full certification scheme. Established in 1991, it comprises 24 member certification bodies (including well-known ones like TUV, VDE, DEMKO, and NEMKO). Initially limited to lighting fixtures, ENEC's scope has expanded through the efforts of European industry and consumer organizations to include lighting products and accessories, switches and controllers, connectors, couplers, and plugs, consumer electronics/audio-visual equipment, information technology equipment, household appliances, safety isolation transformers, electrical appliances, and filters. Therefore, ENEC has become a highly valued and trusted certification mark. The difference between ENEC and TUV certifications for LED drivers is that ENEC, in addition to meeting the safety regulations EN 61347-1 & EN 61347-2-13, also requires compliance with the performance requirements of EN 62384. For example, LED drivers must undergo a 200-hour burn-in period under a TC environment to ensure the suitability of the product's TC declaration.

Not necessarily. Generally, factors such as the LED driver's placement within the system, wiring arrangement, and system grounding design all have some impact. The same LED driver can often produce different results in different environments or applications. Our test results are based on the settings in the EMC test report.